Sunday, January 11, 2015

What are the optional Vaccinations for Children?

Below is the compulsory immunization schedule by the Malaysian Ministry of Health


Optional Vaccines are:


2-6 months
Rotavirus vaccine (2 or 3 doses depending on the vaccine brand)
2-24 months
3 or 4 doses of pneumococcal vaccine
14-15 months
Chickenpox vaccine
24 months
Hepatitis A # 1
30 months
Hepatitis A # 2
other vaccinations such as meningococal and Japanese Encephalitis are not priority in majority cases.

Below are the specific indication if your children need the optional vaccines

VACCINES
INDICATIONS
MEASLES
Sabah, Orang Asli population at 6 mths.
Not usually given to children <12mth. If there is a measles outbreak, can be given to children 6 -11 mths age.
This is later followed by MMR at 12 mths and 4-6 years age.

JE
Given in Sarawak at9, 10 and 18 months
Booster at 4 years.
PNEUMOCOCAL (conjugate)
Not in Blue Book
Immunogenic in children < 2 years
For High risk children: immunosuppression (including asymptomatic HIV), asplenia, nephrotic syndrome and chronic lung or heart disease.
PNEUMOCOCAL
(polysaccharide)
Recommended for children at high risk. > 2 years old.
For High Risk Children : immunosuppression, asymptomatic HIV, asplenia, nephrotic syndrome, chronic lung disease. If these children are <2 yrs old, they should first receive pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; when > 2 yrs, then the polysaccharide vaccine is used.
ROTAVIRUS
Protective efficacy 88-91% for any rotavirus gastroen­teritis episode; 63-79% for all causes of gastroenteritis.
VARICELLA ZOSTER
Asymptomatic/mildly symptomatic children with HIV (with CD4% > 15%); 2 doses at 3 mths interval.
Children in remission from leukemia for ≥1 yr, have >700/ml cir­culating lymphocytes may receive vaccine under paediatrician supervision (2doses )
HEPATITIS A
For children >1 yr.
2 doses., given 6-12 months apart.
INFLUENZA
Recommended for children with:
chronic decompen­sated respiratory or cardiac disorders, e.g. cyanotic heart diseases chronic lung disease, HIV infection. In advanced disease, vaccination may not induce protective antibody levels.

Further readings regarding side effects and contraindications (Malaysian Paediatric Protocol, page 9-17):





references:
1. Malaysian Paediatric Protocol, 3rd Edition
2. Malaysian Paediatric Association (Q&A). 
    http://mpaweb.org.my/article.php?aid=30

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