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Monday, May 25, 2015

Cough Remedies

Table 1: Types of cough preparations, it’s mechanism of action and examples available in Malaysia.

Types
Active ingredients
Mechanism of Action
Examples
Antitussives

Centrally acting: Dextmetorphan
A non-opioid antitussive that increases cough threshold by its activity on the medulla oblongata.
Specifically decreases the sensitivity of cough receptors & interrupts cough impulse transmission by depressing the medullary cough center through sigma receptor stimulation
Tussidex® Forte Linctus,
Pabron Cough,
Sedilix-DM
Centrally acting:
Codeine
Antitussive agent that controls cough by depressing medullary cough center.
Duro-Tuss®Forte
Peripherally acting:
Benzonatate
Tetracaine congener with antitussive properties; suppresses cough by topical anesthetic action on the respiratory stretch receptors.

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Expectorant
Peripherally acting:
Guaifenasin
May act as an expectorant by irritating the gastric mucosa & stimulating respiratory tract secretions, thereby increasing respiratory fluid volumes & decreasing phlegm viscosity.
Mucinex
Antihistamine/anticholinergic
Diphenhydramine
H1-receptor antagonist to help alleviate symptoms associated with cough
Benadryl,
Uphadyl Forte
Demulcents
Sucrose & glycerol
Suppresses cough by forming protective layer over the pharynx.
Honey, Glycerin, Medicated linctus.
Mucolytics
Bromhexine, Acetylcysteine
Dissolves thick mucous
Mucolator (Acetylcysteine)
Others
Lysozyme HCL
Anti inflammation properties & degrades pus and sputum to expectorate easily.
Leftose Tablets





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